Help A Young Secular Historian Shed Light on the Origins of Christianity

Submitted by august on Fri, 2007-03-30 22:51.

Rook hard at workThis article appeared in the SSA eMpirical No. 18 - It's Spring, We Think.

Who were the Gnostics and what happened to them?  Where did their ideas stem from?  Were the first Christians a branch of Gnostics?  How did they influence the early Christian world and later Orthodoxy?   These are just some of the questions Rook Hawkins addresses in his upcoming book, “Discovering the Gnostics: A Look at the Evolution of Mystery Cults in the Early Christian World.” 

Rook Hawkins argues that a sect of Hellenized Jews formed around a movement bent on establishing a new temple – with a savior that could not be killed.  This group of Jews sought to destroy the idea of the temple by using a spiritual savior who fulfilled all the purposes of the Temple, and allowed for others to experience it without the corruption of the Priests.

There is also strong internal evidence that Paul converted to this sect of Gnostics – although Paul fashioned a new sect of Gnostic Christians in which he felt the Jewish laws were inferior to the new laws of the higher God – the father of Christ Jesus – who was more powerful then that of the Jewish God Yahweh.  In fact he disagrees heavily with Peter and James on various doctrines, in which he criticizes all those who are part of the psyche and encourages those who are part of the pneumatic

Of the psyche, are those who follow that of the demiurgically laws, those of the corruptible flesh.  Those of the pneuma follow that of the revelations of the spirit, the revealer is Christ Jesus who sends word of his father, the monad – or Logos – which is attainable by the chosen through the Gnosis (knowledge).  Through allegory by which those who are ‘mature’ in the initiation are these mysteries and esoteric teachings explained, and only via this method does one attain higher levels of gnosis and understanding of this God. 

For more information on this thought-provoking book, please be sure to keep an eye out for future articles about it here on SSA!  You can also access additional information on Rook Hawkins’ position here and at Rook’s website.   If you’re feeling generous, there are still some resources Rook will need to complete his citations and beef up his book. If you wish to see about ways to support him, please click the link below which will take you to Rook Hawkins’ wishlist on Amazon.com.

 

Rook's wishlist

This article appeared in the SSA eMpirical No. 18 - It's Spring, We Think

Submitted by Bodhitharta on Mon, 2007-04-02 03:30.

Just wanted to correct an error that Rook made. Paul was a Jew and worshipped Yahweh as the Father of Jesus, he did not believe that the father of Jesus was some other God. The only time Paul disagrees with Peter and James is when paul wants to incorporate gentiles as followers of Christ. These are important things to know because if he doesn't have the correct information critics will tear his work apart.

Submitted by Sapient on Mon, 2007-04-02 14:10.

This of course coming from a guy who thinks he's a faith healer. Thanks for the biased disection bodhi.

Submitted by Rook Hawkins on Mon, 2007-04-02 14:35.

Bod states: "Just wanted to correct an error that Rook made."

I hope you brought more then your own words.

Bod states: "Paul was a Jew"

Not according to Paul. If anything Paul despised the Jews.

1 Thess. 2:14-16, "For you, brothers, became imitators of the churches of God in Christ Jesus that are in Judea. For you suffered the same things from your own countrymen as they did from the Jews, who killed both the Lord Jesus and the prophets, and drove us out, and displease God and oppose all mankind by hindering us from speaking to the Gentiles that they might be saved--so as always to fill up the measure of their sins. But God's wrath has come upon them at last!"

He was brought up a Pharisee, but later renounced those teachings as 'mere rubbish' (Phil. 3:8). He was certainly a Gentile, in fact he was a Hellenized Jew - part of the diaspora (Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church), and even considered a native of Tarsus, one of the main Greek hotspots. He wrote in Greek, and not Hebrew (which was common among Hellenized Jews).

Paul might have been born into a Jewish family, but he recants Judaism - especially the teachings of the Torah and Mishnah overand over again. (Rom. 3:28, 6:14, 7:4, 7:6, 10:4; 1 Cor. 8:8; Gal. 2:16, 2:19, 2:21, 3:13, 3:23-25, 4:10; etc...) This is not the way a Jew acts - see Josephus. Read the Talmud, Sanhedrin (Vol 16. in the Neusner Series).

Bod states: "and worshipped Yahweh as the Father of Jesus,"

This is not accurate. This is the Orthodox viewpoint. Many people do not hold this to be accurate. Read books by Elaine Pagels, Richard Carrier, Robert Price, Earl Doherty, and Marvin Meyer.

Bod states: "he did not believe that the father of Jesus was some other God."

See above. Stay tuned for my book.

Bod states: "The only time Paul disagrees with Peter and James is when paul wants to incorporate gentiles as followers of Christ."

Apparently you have not read the Epistles of Paul?

Bod states: "These are important things to know because if he doesn't have the correct information critics will tear his work apart."

Funny, I had no problem with gaining acceptance among scholars and historians of a higher calibre then you. But thanks for your concern.

The best,

Rook

Submitted by Bodhitharta on Tue, 2007-04-03 03:47.

Rook first you say paul was not a Jew and despised the Jews and then you call him a Hellinized Jew, these are the kind of fundamental flaws that someone will tear you apart on.

But Paul said, I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city: and, I beseech thee, suffer me to speak unto the people.
Acts 21:39

And it came to pass, that after three days Paul called the chief of the Jews together: and when they were come together, he said unto them, Men and brethren, though I have committed nothing against the people, or customs of our fathers, yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans.
Acts 28:17

Did Paul speak Hebrew?

And when he had given him licence, Paul stood on the stairs, and beckoned with the hand unto the people. And when there was made a great silence, he spake unto them in the Hebrew tongue, saying,
Acts 21:40

Acts 22
1Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defence which I make now unto you.

2(And when they heard that he spake in the Hebrew tongue to them, they kept the more silence: and he saith,)

3I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers, and was zealous toward God, as ye all are this day.

Though I might also have confidence in the flesh. If any other man thinketh that he hath whereof he might trust in the flesh, I more:

Circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, an Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee;
Philippians 3:4-5

Was paul a gentile? Of Course not! This type of misinformation only confuses others but it is in no way true. Rook, can you clearly see why you are in error?

When Jesus said "Our Father" was he not referring to Yahweh a.k.a. Jehovah in Latin and also The One and Only God a.k.a in arabic as Allah(The God).

Paul never recants Judaism and in fact he says that Jesus has revealed that the law was a tutor

Romans 2:11-13 (King James Version)
King James Version (KJV)
Public Domain

11For there is no respect of persons with God.

12For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;

13(For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified.

As you can see Paul was a very obedient Jew and when Christ revealed himself to Paul, Paul became a very obedient Jewish follower of Christ. Christianity is reformed Judaism and Islam is reformed Christianity. This is called progressive revelation. I really think you want to learn Rook, however you will not learn properly unless you think more objectively.

I don't mind helping you because I want you to come to your own conclusion and you can't do that with the wrong information. I believe I have proved my point, however if you can refute, please do.

In Conclusion Paul writes:

3Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

4But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,

5To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

6And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

7Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

Clearly Paul is stating that Jesus came to redeem those who believe in God.

Submitted by Bodhitharta on Mon, 2007-04-02 14:26.

I think it's great anytime someone wants to be a scholar especially when they're so young. However, being more mature I feel it is my duty to assist where I may. For instance, Rook often treats the New Testament as a single book instead of a compilation of 27 books, once a person realizes that these are 27 books written over 100 years it becomes clear that they are a historical record that was simply compiled and labled sacred text. If in fact they had remained in circulation seperately there would be 27 historical records pertaining to Jesus The Christ. In reality mistakes like this are common even in some advanced scholars.

Submitted by Rook Hawkins on Mon, 2007-04-02 14:36.

Way to keep citing no evidence for your baseless claims.

Submitted by Bodhitharta on Wed, 2007-04-04 03:58.

Rook wrote this on his blog:

So why is the resurrection so important to the Christians? Well to make it a clear as possible, there would be no Christianity without it. The entire basis of Christianity is that Christ not only absolved the sins of the world, but he only did so by resurrecting. [5] It was through his death and subsequent resurrection that not only took the sins of the world away from man, but also proved his divinity and perfection within the laws of God and man. Without a resurrection, Christ would be considered as just another man, a prophet who was nothing but a liar, or worse yet He might even be considered (like myself and others do) nothing more than a myth! [6]

The fact is that Rook Hawkins is once again ill informed because it is not the Resurrection of Christ that gives Salvation but the belief in God that gives salvation. If you believe that Jesus is The Christ then you also believe in God and it is that belief that causes salvation but don't just believe me, let's see what Jesus has to say about it:

John 4:21-23 (King James Version)
King James Version (KJV)
Public Domain

21Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father.

22Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship: for salvation is of the Jews.

23But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him.

Worshipping "Our Father which art in Heaven" is what redeems us and look here again:

Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth: for I am God, and there is none else.
Isaiah 45:21-23

And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.
John 17:2-4

As you can see, Rook Hawkins should really study a bit more before embarking on his projects. As I have said it is great to study and learn all sorts of things but if you want to be taken seriously you'll have to make sure that you aren't being too quick to speak and slow to listen. I hope this information helps Rook to understand a little more on the subject matter.

Submitted by SSAmember50 on Sun, 2007-04-08 21:16.

if this page is going to turn into a debating forum, I might as well state something that may make things more interesting. I have been researching the works of some of the Dutch Radicals, who were best known for doubting the authenticity of the entire Pauline corpus. This is probably an even smaller minority than the one that doubts the existence of a historical Jesus. But I have found a significant deal of very excellent points that have pretty much convinced me that these letters are from the 2nd century. But of course, to get into that argument here would not be very profitable.

Instead, for the interests of our friend Rook, allow me to mention some of the sources I have come across that have supported this view (you may know some of these persons):

  • the works of Bruno Bauer (19th century Germany/Prussia)
  • van Manen's works on the letters can be found in the Encyclopedia Biblica, in English if I am not mistaken.
  • Thomas Whittaker: The Origins of Christianity (also details the work of van Manen, who questioned the validity of all the letters)
  • G.A. Eysinga: Radical View on the New Testament
  • L. Gordon Rylands: Critical Analysis of the of the Four Chief Pauline Epistles
  • Hermann Detering: The Falsified Paul (can be found online as a translation in the Journal of Higher Criticism, Fall 2003)
  • Robert Price expounds about this in his Pre-Nicene New Testament and one book he is working on is the Colossal Apostle Paul.
  • Also, as you probably know, the Journal of Higher Criticism is edited in part by Dr. Price and on the website there are other articles that also question the validity of the epistles.

    Perhaps I have now made your thesis a bit more difficult, or perhaps I have added things to your wish list. I cannot say. However, I am willing to help you access at least some of this material should you ask. So, if you thought questioning Jesus' existence was an amazing position to take, the rabbit hole just got a little deeper. If you are interested, respond here and I can probably email you via the RRS website.

    Peace.

  • Submitted by Rook Hawkins on Wed, 2007-04-18 00:37.

    I agree - there is some compelling evidence for it, and I've looking into it for some time, but I'm just not swayed on it. I am fairly convinced the Pauline Corpus was pre-second century, and there is evidence internally that the Corpus was written about the time before the fall of Jerusalem. I don't see a problem with some of the Pauline Corpus being authentic, although I agree there are cases of redactions, even additions (like that of Romans). I am just not convinced that they are all late works - some perhaps, but not all of them. There is simply no reason historically in my opinion, to yet doubt the existence of authentic Pauline letters - that being before Marcion.

    But I'm still up for the possibility, I just have yet to see a very convincing case made for them. I hope to hear from you, anyway. Feel free to contact me.

    Submitted by William Harwood on Wed, 2007-04-18 13:16.

    Mr Hawkins.
    Several useful secondary sources have already been recommended. Let me suggest that you add: Mythology's Last Gods: Yahweh and Jesus (Prometheus Books, 1992).
    While it barely touches on the Gnostics, it contains much information on the origins of Christianity that you will find useful (without necessarily agreeing with everything I wrote).

    Submitted by Rook Hawkins on Mon, 2007-04-23 02:21.

    Thank you very much! I actually have obtained a copy of the book. I was hoping to have you on my show in the future to discuss your book, and hope you can also keep in touch on a few issues. If possible, please shoot me an e-mail: rookhawkins@aol.com

    I'd love to dialog with you on some things, and possibly get you on the show in the future.

    The best to you,

    Rook

    Submitted by Stauffenberg on Tue, 2007-05-15 08:55.

    I find Rook's work interesting, but I would like to know what his academic qualifications are. He bills himself as a critical historian, and I see him mentioned along with Robert Price and others.

    For all I know, his qualifications may be outstanding. There would be no probem sharing them with us, would there?

    Submitted by Monro on Sun, 2007-06-10 16:55.

    Hawkins states that he has no 'paper credentials'. So he has no academic qualifications in history, or training as an historian.

    Then there are the authorities he has claimed will be reviewing and contributing to his work. Carrier and Doherty, as far as I know, don't exactly have much academic cachet as historians either.

    Price and Ehrman are accredited scholars, though this does not mean that their work is any good, and critics like J.P. Holding have described Price's own journal of Biblical Criticism as essentially an exercise in vanity publishing.

    As for Burton L. Mack being a reliable source, his Cynic Sage hypothesis has been torn to ragged shreds by historians. This doesn't surprise me. He tended to see in the Bible what he wanted to see, and tried to fit the evidence to match. In the introduction to his edition of the Gospel of Thomas, he describes Christ as going around Palestine making 'koan-like' utterances. Now there's a lot of stuff in the Gospel of Thomas which is genuinely obscure, but the idea of Christ as a kind of Gnostic Zen teacher doesn't say anything about the historical Jesus, but does say something about Mack being attracted to Zen Buddhism and wishing to find something like it in 1st Palestine.
    Monro, Editor of Female Sexual Stimulation Project